国际化学工程杂志

在石油工业中，研究人员开发了一种名为“强化采油”的新技术，以回收储层中的剩余石油。有些油藏非常复杂，需要采用先进的提高采收率(EOR)技术，采用新材料和添加剂，以经济、环保的方式最大限度地开采石油。本文从提高采收率的角度研究了纳米沉降(KY-200)和聚合物凝胶HPAM(854)对采收率和含水率的影响，并对其结果进行了比较。讨论了纳米颗粒通过砂包输送的机理。采用的方法包括凝胶制备、粘度测试和岩心驱油实验。用粘度测试后的最佳纳米颗粒浓度进行驱油实验，3%的纳米颗粒浓度可以提高原油采收率。此外，浓度越高，集聚越多;因此，会发生高岩心堵塞，使流体流向未波及层，从而推动更多的石油生产，降低含水率。实验结果表明，与常规的聚合物凝胶驱相比，纳米驱能够堵塞水窜的漏失层，使流体流向未波及层，从而过度地从储层中回收剩余油。纳米注射比凝胶注射压力大。 The oil recovery was achieved by about 41.04% from nanosuspensions, that is, 14.09% higher than polymer gel. Further investigations are required in the field of nanoparticles applications in enhanced oil recovery to meet the world's energy demands.

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使用从番石榴树木材衍生的活性炭（AC）的水溶液中除去亮绿（BG）的染料以分批条件下进行。不同的因素，例如接触时间，pH值，吸附剂用量，初始染料浓度，和温度对BG吸附到AC的影响进行了研究。进行FTIR，BET和SEM分析，以确定所述材料的特性。使用朗缪尔，Freundlich吸附，铁姆肯，并杜比宁-Radushkevich等温线，等温线的结果进行了分析。线性回归来拟合实验数据。已经发现，平衡数据最好由Freundlich等温表示，而吸附容量（问_e)为90mg染料/g AC，自由能(G)、焓(∆H)和熵(小号) were −86.188 kJ/mol, 43.025 kJ/mol, and 128 J/mol.K, respectively, at pH 7 for the BG dye. The kinetics of BG dye adsorption were analyzed using pseudo-first-order and pseudo-second-order models, and it was found that the pseudo-second-order model was suitable for the behavior of the BG dye at[R² = 0.999.

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从原油蜡沉积阻挡管道和增加流体的粘度被认为是用于石油输送的严重挑战。化学添加剂的就业，即所谓的降凝剂（PPD文件），被广泛用于解决这个问题。其中是乙烯 - 乙酸乙烯酯（EVA）共聚物（EVAc中），含有沿着与乙酸乙烯酯的主链的聚乙烯链段。为了改善的EVAc的性能如PPD，该聚合物与粗棉酚（CG）中，从精制棉籽油皂脚分离的组合物中，通过关节研磨在球磨机中制备。通过傅立叶制备的组合物进行了表征变换红外（FTIR），紫外线（UV），和核磁共振（NMR）光谱。倾点和从Akshabulak油田（哈萨克斯坦）原油粘度的影响。的compositions with 10, 20, and 25 wt% of CG demonstrate better efficiency as PPD for crude oil than EVAc at the dosage of PPD of 50, 100, 250, and 500 ppm. The improved properties of the obtained PPD in comparison with the commercial EVAc is explained by the appearance of additional nonpolar and polar groups caused by the formation of the EVAc/CG composition.

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采用超声浸渍法制备了锰(II)/活性炭吸附剂。2 wt。% Mn/AC吸附性能最好，最佳吸附温度为313 K。用苯、甲苯和萘对锰/AC的吸附选择性进行了研究，结果表明锰能提高吸附能力但不能提高吸附选择性。吸附机理大致是π复杂的。研究了吸附等温线和吸附动力学，计算了吸附参数。的[R²，RMSE，和AIC_c被用来评估的最佳模型。结果表明，吸附的Temkin等温线是更合适的描述的等温数据;该MPnO动力学模型更优于其他动力学模型。反应顺序为1和2之间的吸附热力学的结果表明，除去DBT的到的Mn / AC是自发和放热过程。

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背景。本文研究了石灰处理和随后的酸沉淀的效果₂所以₄）作为部分稳定渗滤液的预处理。从石灰和酸该研究中获得高的去除效率（> 70％）预处理的部分稳定的浸出液。的treatment of this wastewater with 10 g/L dosage of optimum lime (pH 12) at 25°C had led to the 41% COD elimination in the initial stages of pretreatment. Subsequent pH adjustment using 1 N sulfuric acid and granular-activated carbon adsorption in general revealed more than 92% removal of the 4 g/L of carbon dosage. Therefore, the results revealed that the adsorption of COD on the GAC stemmed from the kinetics rate of the pseudo-second-order.

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以硫、氮共掺杂碳纳米球为原料，制备了绿色、易得的碳纳米球木槿sabdariffaL直接热液法。最后，以硫碳纳米球(CNs)作为吸附剂去除铅^{+ 2}离子从由于来自CN的和N-的CN S-CN的高表面积的水溶液。将合成的纳米球是由傅立叶检查变换红外（FTIR）光谱法，X射线衍射（XRD），场发射扫描电子显微镜，透射电子显微镜（TEM），和氮吸附 - 脱附等温线。的results show spherical shapes have a particle size of up to 65 nm with a high surface area capable of absorbing lead ions efficiently. Additionally, the factors affecting the process of adsorption that include equilibrium time, temperature, pH solution, ionic intensity, and adsorbent dose were studied. The equilibrium removal efficiency was studied employing Langmuir, Freundlich, and Temkin isotherm forms. The kinetic data were analyzed with two different kinetic models, and both apply to the adsorption process depending on the values of correlation coefficients. The thermodynamic parameters including Gibbs free energy (ΔG度），标准焓变（ΔH度），和标准熵变化（Δ小号为吸附过程计算°)。

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